Phytochemical analysis of Jatropha curcas leaves: A study of bioactive compounds extracted from various solvents

Abstract

The increasing interest in herbal medicine as a safer alternative to conventional drugs motivates the investigation of bioactive compounds in Jatropha curcas leaves. This study aims to screen the phytochemical constituents of methanolic, aqueous, and hexane extracts from the leaves of Jatropha curcas. Methodologically, the leaves were taxonomically identified, collected, powdered, and extracted using three different solvents. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of bioactive components. The results showed that all extracts contained alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids, while the aqueous extract also included flavonoids and saponins, indicating a higher concentration of bioactive constituents. The aqueous extract exhibited an inhibition index of 0.65 relative to the standard antibiotic, Cifoxitin, suggesting potential antimicrobial efficacy. This discussion emphasizes the varied pharmacological potential of Jatropha curcas, advocating for further research into its medicinal applications and the importance of solvent selection in extracting bioactive compounds. In conclusion, the study highlights the therapeutic promise of Jatropha curcas in the pharmaceutical field.